ADJUVANTS

ADJUVANTS

These are the substances which are other than the active

medicaments in the formulation which have no pharmacological action.

• Stabilizers
  

The stabilizers are the substances which ensure the final formulation.

e.g.:- Antioxidants

Preservatives

1. Antioxidants
   

   This prevents the oxidation reaction of a sensitive drug is called antioxidant.
   

Action

Reducing agent,

By breaking the oxygen chain reaction.

e.g.:-Ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfate, sodium metabisulfate, sodium thiosulfate.

Mechanism:-A free molecule is having three radicals which tend to bond or oxidize

 

 

reduction

In other mechanism the radical chain is inhibited by breaking

up the radical chain.

Properties:-

• It should be effective in low concentrations.
  
• It should not react with any other substance, compounds.
  
• It should not impact colour, odour, and taste, to the final formulation.
  
• lt should be effective in wide range of pH
  
• It should not be toxic & irritant to final formulation and
  

  skin.
  

  
   

  
   

  Examples:-
  

  Tocopheral
  

  It is soluble in water.
  

  It is obtained from vegetable oils.
  

  It is used in liquid paraffin.
  

  Gallic acid and Gallate
  

  It is soluble in water &Estoberic gallic acid.
  

  It is used for prevention of food, oils, perfume.
  

  Butylated hydroxy anised (BHA)
  

  2% BHA     For preservation and stabilization
  

  6% Propyl gallate    of food & cosmetics
  

  4% Citric acid
  

  70% Propylene glycol
  

 

Ascorbic acid:-

Preservation of fat & oils.

1. Preservatives
   

The substance which add to the preparation to prevent the bacterial growth.

1. Action